EDUCATION

EDUCATION

Meaning & Types of Education:

    Education is a gradual process which brings positive changes in human life and behavior. We can also define education as “a process of acquiring knowledge through study or imparting the knowledge by way of instructions or some other practical procedure”.

What is education?

    Education brings a natural and lasting change in an individual’s reasoning and ability to achieve the targeted goal. It facilitates us to investigate our own considerations and thoughts and makes it ready to express it in various shapes.

    Education is the main thing that encourages us to distinguish between right and wrong because in the absence of education, we can’t do what we need or we can’t achieve our goal. 

    Straightforwardly, we can say, “education is the passage to progress”. It is additionally the way to our fate as achievements can only be accomplished when individuals have information, aptitudes, and frame of mind. In this way, education resembles a medium through which we can associate with various individuals and offer our thoughts.

    To tackle issues and do inventiveness we first need to gain proficiency with some essential abilities. We require learning and abilities to wind up increasingly imaginative. So education is fundamentally learning of abilities and ideas that can make us increasingly innovative and issue solver. Education is to pick up the capacity to develop and take care of issues in order to achieve their lawful motives.

 

TYPES OF EDUCATION

• ·         FORMAL
• ·         INFORMAL
• ·         NON-FORMAL

Formal Education

    Formal education or formal learning usually takes place in the premises of the school, where a person may learn basic, academic, or trade skills. Small children often attend a nursery or kindergarten but often formal education begins in elementary school and continues with secondary school.

    Post-secondary education (or higher education) is usually at a college or university which may grant an academic degree. It is associated with a specific or stage and is provided under a certain set of rules and regulations. 

    The formal education is given by specially qualified teachers they are supposed to be efficient in the art of instruction. It also observes strict discipline. The student and the teacher both are aware of the facts and engage themselves in the process of education.

Characteristics of formal education

    There are few characteristics of formal education. First of all formal education is structured hierarchically. It is also divided into two education which is formal education and informal education. Formal education is from primary school till university and add another general academic. Informal education is more to our abilities, experience and skills throughput our daily life. It is also planned and deliberate. Not just that, formal education also include schedule fees are paid regularly. Formal education also has a chronological grading system, syllabus and subject oriented that has been made by the ministry of education. The syllabus has to be covered within a specific time, in order they will have their final exam cover all topics that are included. Lastly, the students are taught by the teachers

Advantages of Formal Education

    The economic development of a country is raised through human capital which is only possible through education. Education makes a person well-standardized and makes him well secured in life. Thus, all people in a country can raise the economic status only if they are well educated. Through this tool, more talented human resources are obtained with higher efficiency. So, learning should be started from a smaller age slowly, to make the children understand in depth. The jobs are allocated for the people according to the knowledge they possess. Education ensures us with a secure and stable life. The basic necessity for a human being can be fulfilled by having an educational experience. Education clears out the thought of inequality. It makes the people to be friendly to others. Uneducated people see differences in family background, religion, etc. But this eventually does not matter when we educate ourselves and others around us. And that ultimately, we are all in the same place and have the same goals in life.

Disadvantages of Formal Education

    Education makes one of the way for discrimination. The people who has more degree or experience have thoughts that they are ahead of everyone. And also the marks or grade system will create a difference from smaller age in the children. So, it should be thought of as the subject matter and not as a competition. Education makes people some facts to be blindly accepted, which makes people restrict their own ideas in the process of learning. Education should make us think bigger and smarter but bad educational knowledge might fail to do so. But as we can clearly see that education has only a few disadvantages which can also be overcome at one stage. People should start taking the educational process seriously and make themselves well possessed with knowledge.

 

 Informal Education

Informal education may be a parent teaching a child how to prepare a meal or ride a bicycle.

People can also get an informal education by reading many books from a library or educational websites.

    Informal education is when you are not studying in a school and do not use any particular learning method. In this type of education, conscious efforts are not involved. It is neither pre-planned nor deliberate. It may be learned at some marketplace, hotel or at home.

    Unlike formal education, informal education is not imparted by an institution such as school or college. Informal education is not given according to any fixed timetable. There is no set curriculum required. Informal education consists of experiences and actually living in the family or community.

Characteristic of Informal Education

    Self learning is a way of learning subject that involves studying alone at home, rather than in a classroom with a teacher or instructor. A person who has learned a subject without the benefit of a teacher or formal education is called a self taught person. A self learning individual has the freedom to learn a little about everything or they can hard work in mastering a particular subject. They have their own control of learning which drives them further in the ultimate success on a personal and financial level. This stands true especially in today’s context of economic growth of individual running their own business. It is more fun than being taught at. Self learning is the wave of future now that so much information is available at our fingertips. Lifelong learning is the “ongoing, voluntary, and self-motivated” pursuit of knowledge for either personal development, self-sustainability, as well as competitiveness and employability. A learning approach that can be used to define lifelong learning is heutagogy.

Advantages of informal Education

    The advantages of informal education are its more to naturally learning process as we can learn anywhere and at any time from our daily experience. It also involves activities like individual and personal research on a topic of interest for themselves by utilizing books, libraries, social media, internet or getting assistance from informal trainers. Informal education also utilizes a variety of techniques and there is no specific time span. Not just that, it also less cost and more time efficient learning process. Furthermore, no need to hire experts as most of the professionals may be willing to share their precious knowledge with students or public through social media and the internet. Through this education learners can be picked up the requisite information from books, television radio or conversations with their friends or family members.

Disadvantages of Informal Education

    There are also disadvantages of informal education which are all the information are acquired from media television radio or conversation is with friends or family members may lead to the disinformation. It also may lead to inappropriate things and no proper schedule or time span. Informal education also may give unpredictable results which simply the wastage of time. Moreover, the learner will be lack of confidence since the learners only interact with something that is virtual and will lead to miscommunication. Lastly, the learners will be absence of discipline, attitude and good habits.

Non-formal Education

Non-formal education includes adult basic education, adult literacy education or school equivalency preparation.

In non-formal education, someone (who is not in school) can learn literacy, other basic skills or job skills.

Home education, individualized instruction (such as programmed learning), distance learning and computer-assisted instruction are other possibilities. 

    Non-formal education is imparted consciously and deliberately and systematically implemented. It should be organized for a homogeneous group. Non-formal, education should be programmed to serve the needs of the identified group. This will necessitate flexibility in the design of the curriculum and the scheme of evaluation.

Characteristic of Non-formal Education

    These are the characteristics of non-formal education. Firstly, the non formal education is planned and takes place apart from the school. Secondly, the time table and syllabus also can be adjustable. Thirdly, theoretical formal education, it is practical and vocational education is all about hands on , and non formal education has no age limit which means all citizens can further or enter any program education that base on their interest and skills. Moreover the fees or certificates may or may not be necessary depends on program and courses. They also provide full time or part time learning and can earn and learn together with their new skills and knowledges. Finally, it involves learning of professional skills depends on their purpose of learning

Advantages of Non-formal Education

    These are the advantages of Non-formal Education such as practiced and vocational training. For my opinion this is really a good way to make their understanding about the program because they can be train and can learn deeply by vocational training methods. Moreover, their minds can naturally growing what they learn and not just wait for system to amend. Literacy also important with skillfulness growth in practical environment and their self learning will be appreciated. Furthermore, in the section of age is flexible that anyone can entered with each person interest and have a curriculum time and leisure. Meanwhile, the education system doesn’t depends which sector same whether from public or private also can join and involved with the process of education. No regular exam before joined the program for passing entering and finally diploma, certificates and award are not essential to be awarded.

Disadvantages of Non-formal Education

    These are disadvantages of Non formal Education for example their attendance of person or candidates is not stable and unsteady. Sometimes, they not necessary to conduct exam on regular basic and no awarded with certificates or diploma and degree. They only required a basic reading and writing skills to learn more.  One of disadvantages is also usually the teachers and trainer have no background of high level education and profession and is hardly to give a good guidelines to all the candidates and the students is totally not enjoy the environment of studies and not get a good self confident to approach people when their have finished the session soon. Finally , some institutes also make some money and provide a fake certification through online for their money only it may be worst for who the one outside is really want to be participants and bad name of institution.